預防青光眼可以吃什麼?營養師推薦4種有效預防的方法

青光眼是導致失明的第二大原因,截至2020年止,影響了全球近六千零五十萬人(1)。並且預估到2040年,青光眼患者可高達1.1億人口(2)。青光眼是慢性、不可逆的視神經病變,病理機轉為供給眼睛的養分與排出代謝物的房水排出受到阻礙,房水蓄積使眼壓升高而傷害視神經,造成視力減退、視野逐漸縮小,最終可能導致失明(3)。造成青光眼主要有六大原因:

原因 說明
高眼壓 高眼壓造成眼球視神經血液循環不良,進而導致視神經萎縮
種族 白人及非裔人種發生青光眼以廣角性居多;亞裔族群則以狹角性表現居多
家族史 有重大青光眼疾病,如青光眼視神經傷害
基因 基因缺陷遺傳
中心角膜厚度較薄 角膜厚度會影響眼壓測量,若角膜厚度較薄,眼壓值會被低估,進而延誤治療
視神經盤凹陷與直徑之比值(vertical cup-disk ratios) 需由眼科醫師進行之檢查,正常人比值為 0.2,當比值大於 0.5 時就有青光眼的疑慮

 

青光眼初期大多無明顯症狀,而平時所做的視力檢測,僅代表中心視力,並不代表眼睛的健康程度。但若您屬於以下青光眼高危險族群,建議可定時至醫療院所作進一步檢測(4)

  • 有家族病史

  • 40歲以上

  • 高眼壓

  • 有近視或遠視

  • 眼睛曾受過傷

  • 糖尿病、高血壓、偏頭痛、血液循環不良

  • 長期使用類固醇製劑

 

延伸閱讀:青光眼是什麼?怎麼辦?有哪些症狀?如何檢測與治療?

 

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由於青光眼初期大多難以察覺症狀,如果我們符合青光眼高危險族群,如:40 歲以上、高眼壓、具家族病史、有糖尿病、高血壓、偏頭痛、血液循環不良等,務必定期至醫療院所做檢查。此外,我們也可藉由維持良好的用眼習慣、調整飲食,並補充對眼睛有所助益的營養素,如:葉黃素、玉米黃素、蝦紅素、維生素 C、魚油與花青素等,來達到預防青光眼的效果。

預防青光眼可以吃什麼?營養師推薦4種有效預防的方法

 

參考資料:https://www.dha.tw
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